The best option to identify Ports, Protocols, and Services (PPS) on a targetwould be to scan all ports (65535) of the remote system.

TCP Scanning

Nmap

• Simply Scan

nmap -p- --open T5 -v -n IP
nmap --top-ports 5000 --open -T5 -v -n IP

• Complex Scan

nmap -sV -A -p PORTS IP

Masscan

Masscan is the fastest port scanner, it can scan the whole internet in 6 minutes.

sudo masscan -p[PORTS] [IP/MASK] --rate=1000 -e [IFACE] --router-ip [GATEWAY]

Bash Port Scanner

This one is created by @s4vitar:

#!/bin/bash
# Usage ./portScanner.sh IP

trap ctrl_c INT
function ctrl_c(){
  echo -e "\n\n[*] Exiting....\n"
  tput cnorm; exit 0
}
for port in $(seq 1 65535);do
  timeout 1 bash -c "echo '' < /dev/tcp/$1/$port" 2>/dev/null && echo "Port $port - OPEN" &
done; wait
tput cnorm

Another simple bash port scanner:

#!/bin/bash
for i in {1..65535}; do (< "/dev/tcp/$1
/$i") &>/dev/null && { echo; echo "[+] Open Port at: $i"; }  || printf ""; done; echo

UDP Scanning

Pentesters often forgot to scan for open UDP ports, although UDP scanning can be unrealiable, there are plenty of attack vectors lurking behind open UDP ports.

sudo nmap -sU IP

Hint: You can launch a syn scan and udp scan at same time: sudo nmap -sS -sU IP